Effects of long-term AVT treatment on spermatogenesis in adult zebrafish testes. (A) Representative histological section of adult zebrafish testis, showing the spatial organization and identification of key germ cell types: undifferentiated spermatogonial stem cells (Aund*), undifferentiated spermatogonia (Aund), differentiating spermatogonia (Adiff), type B spermatogonia (SpgB), spermatocytes (Spc), spermatids (Spd), and spermatozoa (Spz). Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Schematic illustration of the spermatogenic process in zebrafish, highlighting the progression from spermatogonial stem cells (Aund*) through differentiation (Aund, Adiff), proliferation (SpgB), meiosis (spermatocytes), spermiogenesis (spermatids), and finally to mature spermatozoa (Spz) released during spawning. (C) Bar graphs showing the mean (±SEM) proportions of Aund*, Aund, and Adiff spermatogonia in control (0) and AVT-treated groups (1, 10, and 100 ng/g body weight; n = 10 per group). (D) Bar graphs showing the mean (±SEM) proportions of type B spermatogonia (SpgB), spermatocytes (Spc), and spermatids (Spd) in the same experimental groups. Different letters above bars indicate statistically significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). Dots represent individual data points.
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