DHE ameliorated LPS-induced motor deficits and neuroinflammation via the TREM2 signaling pathway in the zebrafish larvae model. The 4 dpf zebrafish larvae were pretreated with DHE (25 μM) for 24 h, followed by LPS stimulation for an additional 24 h. (A) The total distances moved by the zebrafish larvae were plotted and recorded every minute for 30 min; n = 10. (B) The total behavioral locomotion distance over 30 min in zebrafish larvae was quantitatively analyzed, and the zebrafish swimming track was represented at the top; n = 10. (C–F) The mRNA expression levels of iNOS (C), IL-6 (D), IL-1β (E), and TNF-α (F) were analyzed by qPCR; n = 4. (G, G′) The neutrophil migration in the brain of Tg (Mpo:EGFP) zebrafish larvae was visualized (G′), and the number of neutrophils in the brain was quantified (G); n = 7. (H, H′) ROS levels were observed by fluorescence microscopy (H′) and quantified by image analysis (H); n = 7. (I–L) Protein levels of TREM2 (I), DAP12 (J), NF-κB (K), and NLRP3 (L) were determined by Western blot analysis; n = 3. The data are presented as the mean ± SD; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.001 vs. the LPS-treated group; ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 vs. the control group.
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